Data information knowledge wisdom model

In this article i will discuss basic item of data information knowledge wisdom model illustrates this hierarchy. Structured as a pyramid, the model was created to show that data can be captured in different formats, analyzed and converted into different forms. Each level of the pyramid represents a different perspective or level of abstraction as follows:

• The discrete, raw facts about a given situation with no analysis or interpretation applied.
• Applying description and meaning to data to make it useful.
• Information that has insight, context and a frame of reference applied so it can be interpreted.
• Knowledge is converted into wisdom by applying judgment and action to the information.

What is Data?

In computing, data is information that has been translated into a form that is efficient for movement or processing. Relative to today’s computers and transmission media, data is information converted into binary digital form. It is acceptable for data to be used as a singular subject or a plural subject. Raw data is a term used to describe data in its most basic digital format.

Data can be stored in file formats, as in mainframe systems using ISAM and VSAM. Other file formats for data storage, conversion, and processing include comma-separated values (CSV). These formats continued to find uses across a variety of machine types, even as more structured-data-oriented approaches gained footing in corporate computing.

What are types of data?

Structured data can be thought of as records (or transactions) in a database environment; for example, rows in a table of a SQL database.

If you were building an e-commerce app, some of the information stored in your database might include:

• Customer data, like usernames, email addresses, and preferences.
• Business data, like product colors, prices, and ratings.
• Relationship data, like the locations of stores with a specific product in stock.

Unstructured data can be thought of as data that’s not actively managed in a transactional system; for example, data that doesn’t live in a relational database management system (RDBMS)

Examples of unstructured data are:

• Document collections. Invoices, records, emails, productivity applications
• Rich media. Media and entertainment data, surveillance data, geo-spatial data, audio, weather data
• Internet of Things (IoT). Sensor data, ticker data
• Analytics. Machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI)

Usually unstructured data stored through DBMS for documents or Storage management to handle media files such i.e. object Storage, file storage

What is information?

Information is stimuli that has meaning in some context for its receiver. When information is entered into and stored in a computer, it is generally referred to as data. After processing — such as formatting and printing — output data can again be perceived as information. When information is compiled or used to better understand something or to do something, it becomes knowledge.

Converting data to information

Data and information are not the same. Data refers to numerical and qualitative observations. Information is created when data is presented in a way that has meaning to the recipient. To turn data into information, it must be processed and organised. Presenting data in a way that has meaning and value is called information design, and it is an important field in both Information architecture and human-computer interaction.

Five characteristics of data quality and high-quality information in a database include the following:

• Information must come from a reliable source of information.
• Information cannot be partial or have details missing.
• Mechanisms must be in place to ensure that new data doesn’t contradict existing data.
• Information must be distinctive and add value to a database.
• Information in a database must be timely and up to date.

Converting information to knowledge and wisdom

Knowledge is information that has been processed, analysed and interpreted, and can be used to make decisions. The concept of knowledge involves not just the information, but the ability to access it, as well. For example, most applications, including models and simulations, include a form of stored knowledge.

Wisdom is the synthesis of information, knowledge and experience in a way that applies knowledge to real-life situations. The concept of wisdom enables the understanding of patterns and their driving factors. It ultimately enables the prediction of future events.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled computers to learn, problem-solve and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence. These technologies enable computers to take actions based on what the data provided indicates is the best course of action. AI is used in expert systems to diagnose disease, buy and sell stock and play chess better than a human. However, IT has not yet attained a level of human wisdom.